Concept of systems and simulation models, descriptive and explanatory models, static and

dynamic models, single and multidimensional models. Modeling process: boundary

identification, components and links, model construction, parameterization, verification,

calibration, sensitivity analysis and validation. Hydrological models, soil erosion models, soil and

crop models. Crop simulation models: mathematical representation of the soil-plant-climate

systems, Decision Support System for Agro technology Transfer (DSSAT). Computer-based

models and their applications.